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Distribution

South America: Orinoco basin.

Habitat

Maximum Standard Length

181mm

Aquarium Size

Maintenance

Some pieces of driftwood as hiding spots. This species loves to swim against the current, so a large pump is obligatory. Provide lots of swimming space.

Water Conditions

Temperature: 23 – 30 °C

pH: 6.4 – 7.0

Diet

Voracious feeder that will eat anything that fits its mouth. Live fish, large frozen foods and pellets. When feeding live fish choose a proper source. It's best to breed them oneself. Feeding just goldfish is not recommended, as the quality of captive bred goldfish can be poor - which may cause diseases - and it's a very one sided diet.

Behaviour and Compatibility

Will ignore fish that it can't swallow.

Larger catfishes like other Auchenipteridae, Doradidae and Loricariidae. Non-aggressive Characins like Metynnis.

Sexual Dimorphism

Like all Auchenipterids, males have a genital papilla. Moreover, sexually active males get an enlarged and slightly curved dorsal spine and thickened barbels, that are used to clasp the female.

After the breeding season, the dorsal spine and the barbels grow back to their normal sizes.

Reproduction

Unreported in the aquarium.